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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">polenovjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский нейрохирургический журнал имени профессора А. Л. Поленова</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Neurosurgical Journal named after Professor A. L. Polenov</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-2693</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Семинары, Конференции и Форумы</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.56618/2071-2693_2024_16_1_120</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">EKNNQG</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">polenovjournal-115</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Назофронтальные дермоидные кисты: клинические проявления, методы диагностики и хирургическое лечение</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nasofrontal dermoid cysts: clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods and surgical treatment</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2051-1855</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сатанин</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Satanin</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сатанин Леонид Александрович,</p><p>ул. 4-я Тверская-Ямская, д. 16, Москва,  125047.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Satanin Leonid Alexandrovich,</p><p>16, 4th Tverskaya-Yamskaya street, Moscow, 125047. </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4895-233X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черникова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernikova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Черникова Надежда Алексеевна,</p><p>ул. 4-я Тверская-Ямская, д. 16, Москва,  125047.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chernikova Nadezhda Alekseevna,</p><p>16, 4th Tverskaya-Yamskaya street, Moscow, 125047. </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8249-9153</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шелеско</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shelesko</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шелеско Елизавета Владимировна, </p><p>ул. 4-я Тверская-Ямская, д. 16, Москва,  125047.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shelesko Elizaveta Vladimirovna,</p><p>16, 4th Tverskaya-Yamskaya street, Moscow, 125047. </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5119-6814</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сахаров</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sakharov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сахаров Александр Владимирович,</p><p>ул. 4-я Тверская-Ямская, д. 16, Москва,  125047.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sakharov Alexander Vladimirovich,</p><p>16, 4th Tverskaya-Yamskaya street, Moscow, 125047. </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4758-2173</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чуйкин</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chuikin</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чуйкин Вячеслав Вячеславович,</p><p>ул. 4-я Тверская-Ямская, д. 16, Москва,  125047.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chuikin Vyacheslav Vyacheslavovich,</p><p>16, 4th Tverskaya-Yamskaya street, Moscow, 125047. </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8079-8523</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шугай</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shugai</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шугай Светлана Викторовна,</p><p>ул. 4-я Тверская-Ямская, д. 16, Москва,  125047.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shugai Svetlana Viktorovna,</p><p>16, 4th Tverskaya-Yamskaya street, Moscow, 125047. </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2747-8020</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сатанина</surname><given-names>М. Лю</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Satanina</surname><given-names>M. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сатанина Мария Леонидовна,</p><p>ул. Островитянова, д. 1, Москва, 117997. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Satanina Maria Leonidovna,</p><p>1, Ostrovityanova street, Moscow, 117997. </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6855-0306</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малеваная</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malevanaya</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Малеваная Нина Васильевна,</p><p>ул. 4-я Тверская-Ямская, д. 16, Москва,  125047.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Malevanaya Nina Vasilievna,</p><p>16, 4th Tverskaya-Yamskaya street, Moscow, 125047. </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0549-855X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рогинский</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Roginsky</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рогинский Виталий Владиславович,</p><p>ул. Тимура Фрунзе, д. 16, Москва, 119021.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roginsky Vitaliy Vladislavovich,</p><p>16, Timur Frunze street, Moscow, 119021.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр нейрохирургии имени академика Н. Н. Бурденко» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Neurosurgery named after Academician N. N. Burdenko</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н. И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian National Research Medical University named after N. I. Pirogov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр “Центральный научно-исследовательский институт стоматологии и челюстно-лицевой хирургии”» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Research Institute of Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>120</fpage><lpage>132</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сатанин Л.А., Черникова Н.А., Шелеско Е.В., Сахаров А.В., Чуйкин В.В., Шугай С.В., Сатанина М.Л., Малеваная Н.В., Рогинский В.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сатанин Л.А., Черникова Н.А., Шелеско Е.В., Сахаров А.В., Чуйкин В.В., Шугай С.В., Сатанина М.Л., Малеваная Н.В., Рогинский В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Satanin L.A., Chernikova N.A., Shelesko E.V., Sakharov A.V., Chuikin V.V., Shugai S.V., Satanina M.L., Malevanaya N.V., Roginsky V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://polenovjournal.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/115">https://polenovjournal.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/115</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Назофронтальные дермоидные кисты (НФДК) являются редкими аномалиями развития с частотой встречаемости 1 случай на 20 000–40 000 новорожденных. Дифференциальный диагноз НФДК проводится с врожденными образованиями, располагающимися по средней линии, включающими эпидермоидную кисту, энцефалоцеле, назальную глиому и перикраниальный синус. Учитывая топографическое разнообразие НФДК, пациенты с подобными заболеваниями проходят лечение в отделениях ЛОРпатологии, челюстно-лицевой хирургии и только при интракраниальном распространении или в случаях сложной дифференциальной диагностики с другими нейрохирургическими заболеваниями становятся объектом внимания нейрохирурга. Вследствие редкости встречаемости заболевания, а также низкой информированности нейрохирургов, зачастую возникают сложности с диагностикой НФДК.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Провести ретроспективный анализ пациентов с НФДК и сопоставление собственных результатов лечения с данными литературы.</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. Проведен ретроспективный анализ клинических проявлений, рентгенологической картины и результатов хирургического лечения 6 пациентов (3 мальчика и 3 девочки) в возрасте (36,83±58,61) месяца (7–156 месяцев), оперированных в период с 2017 по 2023 г. в Национальном медицинском исследовательском центре нейрохирургии им. акад. Н. Н. Бурденко. Длительность катамнеза составила (55,97±62,68) месяца.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Представлены типичные клинические проявления НФДК, обосновано использование компьютерной томографии (КТ) и магнитно-резонансной томографии (МРТ) у данной группы пациентов, приведены основные патогномоничные рентгенологические признаки, описана патоморфологическая картина НФДК. Различные топографические варианты дермоидных кист (ДК) назофронтальной области рассмотрены с позиций эмбриологических механизмов их развития. Представлены варианты хирургического лечения с учетом топографии НФДК с анализом собственных и литературных данных.</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Детальное клиническое исследование пациента с выявлением фистулы дермального синуса в области носа, а также данные анамнеза, указывающие на инфекционно-воспалительные процессы в области ДК, с проведением мультимодальной нейровизуализации (КТ, МРТ) позволят с высокой степенью вероятности предоперационно поставить правильный диагноз и определить оптимальную тактику хирургического вмешательства. Доступ и объем хирургического лечения зависят от топографии ДК, а также расположения тракта дермального синуса. В наблюдениях с интракраниальным расположением ДК показано использование комбинированных интра-экстракраниальных доступов, позволяющих проводить их радикальное иссечение.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>INTRODUCTION</title><p>INTRODUCTION. Nasofrontal dermoid cysts (NFDC) are rare developmental abnormalities with a frequency of 1 case per 20 000–40 000 newborns. Differential diagnosis of NFDC is performed with congenital malformations located along the midline, including an epidermoid cyst, encephalocele, nasal glioma, and pericranial sinus. Taking into account the topographical diversity of the NFDC, patients with similar diseases are treated in the departments of ENT pathology, maxillofacial surgery, and only with intracranial spread or in cases of complex differential diagnosis with other neurosurgical diseases, they become the object of attention of a neurosurgeon. Due to the rarity of the occurrence of the disease, as well as the low awareness of neurosurgeons, difficulties often arise with the diagnosis of NFDC.</p></sec><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM. To conduct a retrospective analysis of patients with NFDC and compare their own treatment results with literature data.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS. A retrospective analysis of clinical manifestations, CT, MRI and results of surgical treatment of 6 patients (3 boys and 3 girls) aged (36.83±58.61) (7–156) months operated in the period from 2017 to 2023 at the National Medical Research Center for Neurosurgery named after Academician N. N. Burdenko. The follow up was (55.97±62.68) months.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS. The article presents typical clinical manifestations of NFDC, justifies the use of CT and MRI studies in this group of patients, presents the main pathognomonic radiological signs, describesthe pathomorphological picture of NFDC. Various topographic variants of the nasofrontal DC are considered from the standpoint of embryological mechanisms of their development. Surgical treatment options are presented taking into account the topography of the NFDC with the analysis of own and literary data.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION. A detailed clinical examination of the patient with the detection of a dermal sinus fistula in the nasal region, as well as anamnesis data indicating infectious and inflammatory processes in the DC area with multimodal neuroimaging (CT, MRI) will allow with a high degree of probability to make the correct diagnosis and determine the optimal tactics of surgical intervention. The access and scope of surgical treatment depends on the topography of the DC as well as the location of the dermal sinus tract. In observations with intracranial DC arrangement, the use of combined intra-extracranial approaches has been shown to allow for their radical excision.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дермоидные кисты</kwd><kwd>назофронтальные дермоидные кисты</kwd><kwd>детская нейрохирургия</kwd><kwd>энцефалоцеле</kwd><kwd>краниофациальная хирургия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>dermoid cysts</kwd><kwd>nasofrontal dermoid cysts</kwd><kwd>pediatric neurosurgery</kwd><kwd>encephalocele</kwd><kwd>craniofacial surgery</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pratt L. W., Midline Cysts of the Nasal Dorsum: Embryologic Origin and Treatment. Laryngoscope. 1965;(75):968–980. 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