polenovjournalРоссийский нейрохирургический журнал имени профессора А. Л. ПоленоваRussian Neurosurgical Journal named after Professor A. L. Polenov2071-2693Семинары, Конференции и Форумыpolenovjournal-196Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИORIGINAL PAPERSРоль МР-морфометрии субполей гиппокампа в диагностике умеренных когнитивных расстройств различного генезаThe role of MR morphometry of hippocampal subfields in the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment of various originshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5776-1252СтуловИ. К.StulovI. K.

Стулов Илья Константинович

Санкт-Петербург

Stulov Ilya Konstantinovich

St. Petersburg

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7087-0437АнаньеваН. И.AnanyevaN. I.

Ананьева Наталия Исаевна

Санкт-Петербург

Ananyeva Natalia Isaevna

St. Petersburg

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8500-7268ЛукинаЛ. В.LukinaL. V.

Лукина Лариса Викторовна

Санкт-Петербург

Lukina Larisa Viktorovna

St. Petersburg

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5929-1437ЗалуцкаяН. М.ZalutskayaN. M.

Залуцкая Наталья Михайловна

Санкт-Петербург

Zalutskaya Natalya Mikhailovna

St. Petersburg

ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии им. В. М. Бехтерева» Минздрава РоссииРоссияFSBI «V. M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center of psychiatry and neurology» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationRussian Federation202212082024142153159Copyright © Стулов И.К., Ананьева Н.И., Лукина Л.В., Залуцкая Н.М., 20242024Стулов И.К., Ананьева Н.И., Лукина Л.В., Залуцкая Н.М.Stulov I.K., Ananyeva N.I., Lukina L.V., Zalutskaya N.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://polenovjournal.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/196

Когнитивные расстройства являются глобальной медицинской и социальной проблемой, с высокой распространенностью в популяции и быстрым ростом заболеваемости, что обусловлено увеличением численности и продолжительности жизни пожилых людей.

В настоящее время особенно актуальным является выявление таких причин когнитивных расстройств как нейродегенеративные и цереброваскулярные заболевания на стадии умеренных когнитивных расстройств (УКР) и даже доклинических стадиях. Наиболее распространенными типами когнитивных расстройств на додементных стадиях являются амнестические умеренные когнитивные расстройства (аУКР) и подкорковые сосудистые умеренные когнитивные расстройства (псУКР). Гиппокамп играет важную роль в консолидации информации из кратковременной памяти в долговременную и состоит из анатомически и функционально различных субполей. Однако в настоящее время особенности атрофии его субполей при УКР изучены недостаточно. целью исследования являлось уточнение изменения объемов гиппокампа и его субполей на примере УКР различного генеза в сравнении с нормальным возрастным старением. Обследовано 3 группы по 20 человек: пациенты с аУКР, пациенты с псУКР и контрольная группа. В работе проанализированы данные мРТ морфометрии субполей гиппокампа у пациентов с аУКР и псУКР, выполнено сравнение с нормальным возрастным старением. Выявлены существенные различия между группой пациентов с аУКР и контрольной группой, преимущественно по субикулюмам, пресубикулюмам, молекулярному слою гиппокампов, СА1 и СА4; между группой пациентов с псУКР и контрольной группой по субикулюмам, правому пресубикулюму, молекулярном слое правого гиппокампа, зубчатым извилинам и СА4.

В отличии от псУКР при аУКР отмечается достоверное уменьшение объема левого субикулюма на 21 %, правого субикулюма, левого пресубикулюма и молекулярного слоя левого гиппокампа на 19 %, СА4 слева на 17 %.

Полученные данные позволяют предположить что атрофические изменения субполей гиппокампов определяются уже на стадии аУКР и псУКР, а паттерны распределения атрофии субполей гиппокампов могут применяться для дифференциальной диагностики УКР различного генеза.

Cognitive impairment is a global medical and social problem, with a high prevalence in the population and a rapid increase in the incidence due to an increase in the number and life expectancy of older people. Currently, it is especially relevant to identify such causes of cognitive impairment as neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases at the stage of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and even preclinical stages. The most common types of predementia are amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and subcortical vascular mild cognitive impairment (svMCI). The hippocampus plays an important role in the consolidation of information from short-term memory to long-term memory and consists of anatomically and functionally distinct subfields. however, at present, the features of atrophy of its subfields in MCI have not been studied enough. The aim of the study was to clarify the changes in the volumes of the hippocampus and its subfields using the example of MCI of various genesis in comparison with normal age-related aging. Three groups of 20 people were examined: patients with a MCI, patients with sv MCI and the control group. The paper analyzes the data of MRI morphometry of the hippocampal subfields in patients with aMCI and svMCI and compares them with normal age-related aging. Significant differences were found between the group of patients with aMCI and the control group, mainly in the volume of subiculum, presubiculum, molecular layer of the hippocampus, CA1 and CA4; between the group of patients with svMCI and the control group in the volume of subiculum, right presubiculum, molecular layer of the hippocampus, dentate gyrus and CA4. In contrast to svMCI, in aMCI, there is a significant decrease in the volume of the left subiculum by 21 %, the right subiculum, the left presubiculum and the molecular layer of the left hippocampus by 19 %, and the left CA4 by 17 %. The obtained data suggest that hippocampal subfields atrophy are determined already at the stages of aMCI and svMCI, and the distribution patterns of atrophy of the hippocampal subfields can be used for the differential diagnosis of MCI of various genesis.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.