<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">polenovjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский нейрохирургический журнал имени профессора А. Л. Поленова</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Neurosurgical Journal named after Professor A. L. Polenov</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-2693</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Семинары, Конференции и Форумы</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.56618/2071-2693_2023_15_3_40</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">polenovjournal-215</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительный анализ выполнения транспедикулярной фиксации у пациентов с позвоночно-спинномозговой травмой методом “свободной руки” и с помощью оригинального навигационного устройства</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative analysis of the performance of transpedicular fixation in patients with spinal cord injury by the “free hand” method and using an original navigation device</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9712-4661</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иваненко</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanenko</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иваненко Андрей Валентинович</p><p>Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Маяковского, 12, 191014 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Ivanenko Andrey Valentinovich </p><p>Saint Petersburg, Mayakovskogo str. 12, 191014 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7350-6772</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Усиков</surname><given-names>В. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Usykov</surname><given-names>V. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Усиков Владимир Дмитриевич</p><p>Россия, г. Пенза, ул. Центральная 1В, 440004 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Usykov Vladimir Dmitrievich </p><p>Russia, Penza, Tsentralnaya str. 1B, 440004</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0548-8944</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куфтов</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuftov</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Куфтов Владимир Сергеевич</p><p>Россия, Брянск, ул. Камозина, 11, 241035 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kuftov Vladimir Sergeevich </p><p>11 Kamozina str., Bryansk, 241035</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8571-1447</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Монашенко</surname><given-names>Д. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Monashenko</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Монашенко Дмитрий Николаевич </p><p>Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Костюшко, 2, 196066 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Monashenko Dmitry Nikolaevich </p><p>St. Petersburg, Kosciusko str., 2, 196066</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8343-4917</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Улитин</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ulitin</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Улитин Алексей Юрьевич</p><p>Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Маяковского, 12, 191014 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ulitin Alexey Yurievich </p><p>Saint Petersburg, Mayakovskogo str. 12, 191014</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>РНХИ им. проф. А. Л. Поленова — филиал НМИЦ им. В. А. Алмазова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Scientific research Institute for Neurosurgery prof. A. l. Polenov branch Federal State Budgetary Institution «V.A. Almazov National medical research Center»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МТФ “Синтез”</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MTF “ Sintez”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГАУЗ Городская больница № 1</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bryansk City Hospital No. 1</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ Городская больница № 26</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Hospital No. 26</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>РНХИ им. проф. А. Л. Поленова — филиал НМИЦ им. В. А. Алмазова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Scientific Research Institute for Neurosurgery prof. A. L . Polenov branch Federal State Budgetary Institution «V. A . Almazov National Medical Research Center»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>40</fpage><lpage>45</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Иваненко А.В., Усиков В.Д., Куфтов В.С., Монашенко Д.Н., Улитин А.Ю., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Иваненко А.В., Усиков В.Д., Куфтов В.С., Монашенко Д.Н., Улитин А.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ivanenko A.V., Usykov V.D., Kuftov V.S., Monashenko D.N., Ulitin A.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://polenovjournal.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/215">https://polenovjournal.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/215</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлен ретроспективный анализ введения транспедикулярных винтов у 93 больных с позвоночно-спинномозговой травмой (ПСМТ) на грудном и поясничном отделах. По технике установки винтов сформированы 2 группы: пациентам первой группы (50 человек) — установка транспедикулярных винтов проводилась методом “свободной руки” (free–hand), пациентам второй группы (43 человека) винты устанавливались с помощью разработанного нами оригинального навигационного устройства. Использование предлагаемого навигационного устройства позволило не только снизить лучевую нагрузку и время операции, но и повысить точность установки винтов до 94,2 % с минимальным отклонением от планируемых траекторий по отношению к методу “свободной руки” — 83,5 %.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A retrospective analysis of the introduction of transpedicular screws in 93 patients with spinal cord injury (PSMT) in the thoracic and lumbar regions is presented. According to the screw installation technique, 2 groups were formed: for patients of the first group (50 people), the installation of transpedicular screws was carried out by the “free–hand” method, for patients of the second group (43 people), the screws were installed using an original navigation device developed by us. The use of the proposed navigation device allowed not only to reduce the radiation load and the operation time, but also to increase the accuracy of the screws to 94.2 % with a minimum deviation from the planned trajectories in relation to the “free hand” method — 83.5 %.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>транспедикулярная фиксация</kwd><kwd>точность установки винтов</kwd><kwd>ошибки и осложнения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>transpedicular fixation</kwd><kwd>screw installation accuracy</kwd><kwd>errors and complications</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roy-Camille R, Saillant G, Mazel C. Internal fixation of the lumbar spine with pedicle screw plating. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1986 Feb;(203):7–17. PM ID: 3955999.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roy-Camille R, Saillant G, Mazel C. Internal fixation of the lumbar spine with pedicle screw plating. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1986 Feb;(203):7–17. PM ID: 3955999.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Усиков В. Д. Руководство по транспедикулярному остеосинтезу позвоночника: Часть I. Повреждения позвоночника и спинного мозга. — СПб.: Гиппократ, 2006.— 176 с</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Usikov V. D. Rukovodstvo po transpedikulyarnomu osteosintezu pozvonochnika: Chast' I. Povrezhdeniya pozvonochnika i spinnogo mozga. — SPb.: Gippokrat, 2006. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Макаревич С. В. Исторические аспекты транспедикулярной фиксации позвоночника: обзор литературы. Хирургия позвоночника. 2018;15(4):95-106. https://doi.org/10.14531/2018.4.95-106</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Makarevich S. V. Historical aspects of transpedicular fixation of the spine: literature review. Khirurgiya pozvonochnika. 2018;15(4):95–106. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.14531/2018.4.95–106</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Афаунов А. А., Кузьменко А. В. Транспедикулярная фиксация при повреждениях грудного и поясничного отделов позвоночника, сопровождающихся травматическим стенозом позвоночного канала. Хирургия позвоночника. 2011;(4):008–017. https://doi.org/10.14531/ss2011.4.8–17</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Afaunov A. A., Kuzmenko A. V. Transpedicular fixation for thoracic and lumbar spine injury with posttraumatic spinal stenosis. Khirurgiya pozvonochnika. 2011;(4):008–017. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.14531/ss2011.4.8–17</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hicks JM , Singla A, Shen FH, Arlet V . Complications of pedicle screw fixation in scoliosis surgery: a systematic review. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2010 May 15;35(11): E 465–70. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181d1021a</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hicks JM , Singla A, Shen FH, Arlet V . Complications of pedicle screw fixation in scoliosis surgery: a systematic review. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2010 May 15;35(11): E 465–70. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181d1021a</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huang W, Luo T. Efficacy analysis of pedicle screw internal fixation of fractured vertebrae in the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures. Exp Ther Med. 2013 Mar;5(3):678–682. doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.914</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huang W, Luo T. Efficacy analysis of pedicle screw internal fixation of fractured vertebrae in the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures. Exp Ther Med. 2013 Mar;5(3):678–682. doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.914</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hussain I, Cosar M, Kirnaz S, Schmidt FA, Wipplinger C, Wong T, Härtl R. Evolving Navigation, Robotics, and Augmented Reality in Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery. Global Spine J. 2020 Apr;10(2 Suppl):22S‑33S. doi: 10.1177/2192568220907896</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hussain I, Cosar M, Kirnaz S, Schmidt FA, Wipplinger C, Wong T, Härtl R. Evolving Navigation, Robotics, and Augmented Reality in Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery. Global Spine J. 2020 Apr;10(2 Suppl):22S‑33S. doi: 10.1177/2192568220907896</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Косулин А. В., Елякин Д. В., Корниевский Л. А., Булатова И. А., Мушкин А. Ю. Избирательное применение навигационных шаблонов при идиопатическом сколиозе: технические и хронометрические особенности. Хирургия позвоночника. 2022;19(3):6–13 https://doi.org/10.14531/ss2022.3.6–13</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kosulin A. V., Elyakin D. V., Kornievskii L. A., Bulatova I. A., Mushkin A. Yu. Selective application of navigation templates in idiopathic scoliosis: technical and hronometric features. Khirurgiya pozvonochnika. 2022;19(3):6–13. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.14531/ss2022.3.6–13</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Коваленко Р. А., Пташников Д. А., Черебилло В. Ю., Кашин В. А. Сравнительный анализ результатов имплантации транспедикулярных винтов в грудном отделе позвоночника с иcпользованием индивидуальных навигационных матриц и методики free hand. Травматология и ортопедия России. 2020;26(3):49–60. https://doi.org/10.21823/2311‑2905‑2020‑26‑3‑49‑60</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kovalenko R. A., Ptashnikov D. A., Cherebillo V. Yu., Kashin V. A. Comparison of the Accuracy and Safety of Pedicle Screw Placement in Thoracic Spine Between 3D Printed Navigation Templates and Free Hand Technique. Travmatologiya i ortopediya Rossii. 2020;26(3):49–60. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.21823/2311‑2905‑2020‑26‑3‑49‑60</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vaccaro AR , Harris JA , Hussain MM , Wadhwa R, Chang VW, Schroerlucke SR, Samora WP, Passias PG, Patel RD , Panchal RR, D'Agostino S, Whitney NL, Crawford NR, Bucklen BS. Assessment of Surgical Procedural Time, Pedicle Screw Accuracy, and Clinician Radiation Exposure of a Novel Robotic Navigation System Compared With Conventional Open and Percutaneous Freehand Techniques: A Cadaveric Investigation. Global Spine J. 2020 Oct;10(7):814–825. doi: 10.1177/2192568219879083</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vaccaro AR , Harris JA , Hussain MM , Wadhwa R, Chang VW, Schroerlucke SR, Samora WP , Passias PG, Patel RD , Panchal RR, D'Agostino S, Whitney NL, Crawford NR, Bucklen BS. Assessment of Surgical Procedural Time, Pedicle Screw Accuracy, and Clinician Radiation Exposure of a Novel Robotic Navigation System Compared With Conventional Open and Percutaneous Freehand Techniques: A Cadaveric Investigation. Global Spine J. 2020 Oct;10(7):814–825. doi: 10.1177/2192568219879083</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tinelli M, Töpfer F, Kreinest M, Matschke S, Grützner PA, Suda AJ. Minimally invasive reduction and percutaneous posterior fixation of one-level traumatic thoraco-lumbar and lumbar spine fractures. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2018 Dec;28(8):1581–1587. doi: 10.1007/s00590‑018‑2224‑9</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tinelli M, Töpfer F, Kreinest M, Matschke S, Grützner PA, Suda AJ. Minimally invasive reduction and percutaneous posterior fixation of one-level traumatic thoraco-lumbar and lumbar spine fractures. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2018 Dec;28(8):1581–1587. doi: 10.1007/s00590‑018‑2224‑9</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Heintel TM, Berglehner A, Meffert R. A ccuracy of percutaneous pedicle screws for thoracic and lumbar spine fractures: a prospective trial. Eur Spine J. 2013 Mar;22(3):495–502. doi: 10.1007/s00586‑012‑2476‑8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Heintel TM, Berglehner A, Meffert R. A ccuracy of percutaneous pedicle screws for thoracic and lumbar spine fractures: a prospective trial. Eur Spine J. 2013 Mar;22(3):495–502. doi: 10.1007/s00586‑012‑2476‑8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gertzbein SD, Robbins SE. Accuracy of pedicular screw placement in vivo. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1990 Jan;15(1):11–4. doi: 10.1097/00007632‑199001000‑00004</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gertzbein SD, Robbins SE. Accuracy of pedicular screw placement in vivo. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1990 Jan;15(1):11–4. doi: 10.1097/00007632‑199001000‑00004</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hussain I, Cosar M, Kirnaz S, Schmidt FA, Wipplinger C, Wong T, Härtl R. Evolving Navigation, Robotics, and Augmented Reality in Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery. Global Spine J. 2020 Apr;10(2 Suppl):22S‑33S. doi: 10.1177/2192568220907896</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hussain I, Cosar M, Kirnaz S, Schmidt FA, Wipplinger C, Wong T, Härtl R. Evolving Navigation, Robotics, and Augmented Reality in Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery. Global Spine J. 2020 Apr;10(2 Suppl):22S‑33S. doi: 10.1177/2192568220907896</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gonzalvo A, Fitt G, Liew S, de la Harpe D, Vrodos N, McDonald M, Rogers MA, Wilde PH. Correlation between pedicle size and the rate of pedicle screw misplacement in the treatment of thoracic fractures: Can we predict how difficult the task will be? Br J Neurosurg. 2015;29(4):508–12. doi: 10.3109/02688697.2015.1019414</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gonzalvo A, Fitt G, Liew S, de la Harpe D, Vrodos N, McDonald M, Rogers MA, Wilde PH. Correlation between pedicle size and the rate of pedicle screw misplacement in the treatment of thoracic fractures: Can we predict how difficult the task will be? Br J Neurosurg. 2015;29(4):508–12. doi: 10.3109/02688697.2015.1019414</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mohanty SP, Pai Kanhangad M, Bhat SN, Chawla S. Morphometry of the lower thoracic and lumbar pedicles and its relevance in pedicle fixation. Musculoskelet Surg. 2018 Dec;102(3):299–305. doi: 10.1007/s12306–018–0534-z</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mohanty SP, Pai Kanhangad M, Bhat SN, Chawla S. Morphometry of the lower thoracic and lumbar pedicles and its relevance in pedicle fixation. Musculoskelet Surg. 2018 Dec;102(3):299–305. doi: 10.1007/s12306–018–0534-z</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gonzalvo A, Fitt G, Liew S, de la Harpe D, Vrodos N, McDonald M, Rogers MA, Wilde PH. Correlation between pedicle size and the rate of pedicle screw misplacement in the treatment of thoracic fractures: Can we predict how difficult the task will be? Br J Neurosurg. 2015;29(4):508–12. doi: 10.3109/02688697.2015.1019414</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gonzalvo A, Fitt G, Liew S, de la Harpe D, Vrodos N, McDonald M, Rogers MA, Wilde PH. Correlation between pedicle size and the rate of pedicle screw misplacement in the treatment of thoracic fractures: Can we predict how difficult the task will be? Br J Neurosurg. 2015;29(4):508–12. doi: 10.3109/02688697.2015.1019414</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Daemi, N., Ahmadian, A., Mirbagheri, A., Ahmadian, A.H., Saberi, H., Amidi, F., et al. (2015) Planning Screw Insertion Trajectory in Lumbar Spinal Fusion Using Pre-Operative CT Images. Proceedings of the 2015 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, Milan, 25–29 August 2015, 3639–3642. https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC.2015.7319181</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Daemi, N., Ahmadian, A., Mirbagheri, A., Ahmadian, A.H., Saberi, H., Amidi, F., et al. (2015) Planning Screw Insertion Trajectory in Lumbar Spinal Fusion Using Pre-Operative CT Images. Proceedings of the 2015 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, Milan, 25–29 August 2015, 3639–3642.https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC.2015.7319181</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hailong Y, Wei L, Zhensheng M, Hongxun S. Computer analysis of the safety of using three different pedicular screw insertion points in the lumbar spine in the Chinese population. Eur Spine J. 2007 May;16(5):619–23. doi: 10.1007/s00586‑006‑0243‑4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hailong Y, Wei L, Zhensheng M, Hongxun S. Computer analysis of the safety of using three different pedicular screw insertion points in the lumbar spine in the Chinese population. Eur Spine J. 2007 May;16(5):619–23. doi: 10.1007/s00586‑006‑0243‑4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aoude AA, Fortin M, Figueiredo R, Jarzem P, Ouellet J, Weber MH. Methods to determine pedicle screw placement accuracy in spine surgery: a systematic review. Eur Spine J. 2015 May;24(5):990–1004. doi: 10.1007/s00586–015–3853-x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aoude AA, Fortin M, Figueiredo R, Jarzem P, Ouellet J, Weber MH. Methods to determine pedicle screw placement accuracy in spine surgery: a systematic review. Eur Spine J. 2015 May;24(5):990–1004. doi: 10.1007/s00586–015–3853-x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ravindra VM, Kalra RR, Dailey AT. Electromyography stimulation compared with intraoperative O-arm imaging for evaluating pedicle screw breaches in lumbar spine surgery: a prospective analysis of 1006 screws in 164 patients // Spine J. 2019 Feb;19(2):206–211. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2018.06.353</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ravindra VM, Kalra RR, Dailey AT. Electromyography stimulation compared with intraoperative O-arm imaging for evaluating pedicle screw breaches in lumbar spine surgery: a prospective analysis of 1006 screws in 164 patients // Spine J. 2019 Feb;19(2):206–211. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2018.06.353</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schizas C, Michel J, Kosmopoulos V, Theumann N. Computer tomography assessment of pedicle screw insertion in percutaneous posterior transpedicular stabilization. Eur Spine J. 2007 May;16(5):613–7. doi: 10.1007/s00586–006–0221-x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schizas C, Michel J, Kosmopoulos V, Theumann N. Computer tomography assessment of pedicle screw insertion in percutaneous posterior transpedicular stabilization. Eur Spine J. 2007 May;16(5):613–7. doi: 10.1007/s00586–006–0221-x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Laine T, Mäkitalo K, Schlenzka D, Tallroth K, Poussa M, Alho A. Accuracy of pedicle screw insertion: a prospective CT study in 30 low back patients. Eur Spine J. 1997;6(6):402–5. doi: 10.1007/BF01834068</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Laine T, Mäkitalo K, Schlenzka D, Tallroth K, Poussa M, Alho A. Accuracy of pedicle screw insertion: a prospective CT study in 30 low back patients. Eur Spine J. 1997;6(6):402–5. doi: 10.1007/BF01834068</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Castro WH, Halm H, Jerosch J, Malms J, Steinbeck J, Blasius S. Accuracy of pedicle screw placement in lumbar vertebrae. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1996 Jun 1;21(11):1320–4. doi: 10.1097/00007632‑199606010‑00008</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Castro WH, Halm H, Jerosch J, Malms J, Steinbeck J, Blasius S. Accuracy of pedicle screw placement in lumbar vertebrae. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1996 Jun 1;21(11):1320–4. doi: 10.1097/00007632‑199606010‑00008</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gonzalvo A, Fitt G, Liew S, de la Harpe D, Turner P, Ton L, Rogers MA, Wilde PH. The learning curve of pedicle screw placement: how many screws are enough? Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2009 Oct 1;34(21): E 761–5. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181b2f928</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gonzalvo A, Fitt G, Liew S, de la Harpe D, Turner P, Ton L, Rogers MA, Wilde PH. The learning curve of pedicle screw placement: how many screws are enough? Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2009 Oct 1;34(21): E 761–5. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181b2f928</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li J, Zhang H, Li Q, Yu S, Chen W, Wan S, Chen D, Liu R, Ding F. Treating Lumbar Fracture Using the Mixed Reality Technique. Biomed Res Int. 2021 Mar 29;2021:6620746. doi: 10.1155/2021/6620746</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li J, Zhang H, Li Q, Yu S, Chen W, Wan S, Chen D, Liu R, Ding F. Treating Lumbar Fracture Using the Mixed Reality Technique. Biomed Res Int. 2021 Mar 29;2021:6620746. doi: 10.1155/2021/6620746</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Richter PH, Gebhard F. Einsatz von Navigation in der Traumatologie an der Wirbelsäule [Application of navigation in the fractured spine]. Oper Orthop Traumatol. 2022 Nov 28. German. doi: 10.1007/s00064‑022‑00790‑7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Richter PH, Gebhard F. Einsatz von Navigation in der Traumatologie an der Wirbelsäule [Application of navigation in the fractured spine]. Oper Orthop Traumatol. 2022 Nov 28. German. doi: 10.1007/s00064‑022‑00790‑7</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kosmopoulos V., Schizas C. Pedicle screw placement accuracy: a meta-analysis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2007 Feb 1;32(3): E 111–20. doi: 10.1097/01.brs.0000254048.79024.8b</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kosmopoulos V., Schizas C. Pedicle screw placement accuracy: a meta-analysis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2007 Feb 1;32(3): E 111–20. doi: 10.1097/01.brs.0000254048.79024.8b</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shin MH, Hur JW, Ryu KS, Park CK. Prospective Comparison Study Between the Fluoroscopy-guided and Navigation Coupled With O-arm-guided Pedicle Screw Placement in the Thoracic and Lumbosacral Spines. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2015 Jul;28(6): E 347–51. doi: 10.1097/BSD.0b013e31829047a7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shin MH, Hur JW, Ryu KS, Park CK. Prospective Comparison Study Between the Fluoroscopy-guided and Navigation Coupled With O-arm-guided Pedicle Screw Placement in the Thoracic and Lumbosacral Spines. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2015 Jul;28(6): E 347–51. doi: 10.1097/BSD.0b013e31829047a7</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
