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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">polenovjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский нейрохирургический журнал имени профессора А. Л. Поленова</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Neurosurgical Journal named after Professor A. L. Polenov</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-2693</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Семинары, Конференции и Форумы</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">polenovjournal-245</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эффективность эндоскопической тривентрикулостомии при гидроцефалии вследствие идиопатической обструкции выходных отверстий IV желудочка</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Efficiency of endoscopic third ventriculostomy in hydrocephalus caused by idiopathic obstruction of IV ventricle outlets</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3732-6664</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевченко</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevchenko</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шевченко Кирилл Викторович</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shevchenko Kirill Victorovich</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3816-847X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шиманский</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shimansky</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шиманский Вадим Николаевич</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shimansky Vadim Nikolaevich</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8351-5074</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Таняшин</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tanyashin</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Таняшин Сергей Владимирович</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tanyashin Sergey Vladimirovich</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7741-6616</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колычева</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolycheva</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Колычева Мария Владимировна</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kolycheva Mariya Vladimirovna</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3279-3733</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пошатаев</surname><given-names>В. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Poshataev</surname><given-names>V. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пошатаев Владимир Кириллович</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Poshataev Vladimir Kirillovich</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2581-8648</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карнаухов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karnaukhov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карнаухов Василий Витальевич</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Karnaukhov Vasily Vitalevich</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9984-9327</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соложенцева</surname><given-names>К. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solozhentseva</surname><given-names>K. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соложенцева Кристина Дмитриевна</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Solozhentseva Kristina Dmitrievna</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8542-0060</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кугушев</surname><given-names>И. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kugushev</surname><given-names>I. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кугушев Иван Олегович</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kugushev Ivan Olegovich</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2490-1682</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Безбородова</surname><given-names>Т. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bezborodova</surname><given-names>T. U.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Безбородова Татьяна Юрьевна</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bezborodova Tatyana Urievna</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр нейрохирургии имени академика Н. Н. Бурденко» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Autonomous Institution “National Medical Research Center for Neurosurgery named after Academician N. N. Burdenko” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>167</fpage><lpage>174</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шевченко К.В., Шиманский В.Н., Таняшин С.В., Колычева М.В., Пошатаев В.К., Карнаухов В.В., Соложенцева К.Д., Кугушев И.О., Безбородова Т.Ю., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шевченко К.В., Шиманский В.Н., Таняшин С.В., Колычева М.В., Пошатаев В.К., Карнаухов В.В., Соложенцева К.Д., Кугушев И.О., Безбородова Т.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shevchenko K.V., Shimansky V.N., Tanyashin S.V., Kolycheva M.V., Poshataev V.K., Karnaukhov V.V., Solozhentseva K.D., Kugushev I.O., Bezborodova T.U.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://polenovjournal.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/245">https://polenovjournal.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/245</self-uri><abstract><p>Идиопатическая гидроцефалия вследствие обструкции выходов из IV желудочка является крайне редкой патологией. Хирургическая тактика представлена разнообразными методиками лечения: микрохирургическими, ликворошунтирующими и эндоскопическими, а также их комбинациями. Большая травматичность микрохирургических вмешательств, развитие эндоскопической техники делают вполне оправданным отказ от прямой хирургии и сложных эндоскопических вмешательств в пользу стандартной эндоскопической тривентрикулостомии.</p><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ: Оценить эффективность эндоскопической тривентрикулостомии при идиопатической гидроцефалии вследствие обструкции выходных отверстий IV желудочка.</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ: С октября 2011 по март 2021 гг. в центре нейрохирургии им. ак. Н. Н. Бурденко прошли хирургическое лечение 290 пациентов, соответствующих критериям идиопатической гидроцефалии взрослых: появление симптомов во взрослом возрасте и отсутствие указаний на этиологию гидроцефалии, а также врожденную гидроцефалию. Из них у 18 (6,2 %) была обнаружена обструкция на уровне выходных отверстий IV желудочка. Возраст пациентов варьировал от 26 до 74 лет, в среднем составил 47 ± 16,5 лет, В гендерном соотношении преобладали женщины (61,1 %). Основные симптомы заболевания были головная боль (77,8 %), нарушение походки (88,9 %), снижение памяти на текущие события (72,2 %), нарушения координации (27,8 %), головокружения (61,1 %), недержание мочи 27,8 %), утраты сознания (16,6 %), тремор рук (11,1 %). Функциональное состояние пациентов до операции было оценено по шкалам Kiefer и Rankin и составило 8,05 ± 4,34 (2–19) баллов и 2,6 ± 0,9 (1–5) баллов соответственно. МРТ головного мозга всех пациентов были оценены на предмет состояния различных отделов ликворопроводящей системы и изменения положения анатомических структур.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. У всех пациентов было выявлено расширение боковых и III желудочков, расширение IV желудочка — у 88,8 %. Тяжесть состояния достоверно зависела от расширения IV желудочка (p &lt; 0,05) и не зависела от расширение боковых и III желудочков. Компрессия конвекситальных ликворных пространств была зафиксирована у 27,7 % пациентов, а ликворных пространств задней черепной ямки — у 72,2 %. По отдельности эти показатели не влияли на тяжесть состояния, а одномоментное их воздействие достоверно усугубляли неврологическую симптоматику (p &lt; 0,05). Опущение миндалин в большое затылочное отверстие было отмечено у 38,8 % больных. Стандартная эндоскопическая тривентрикулостомия была произведена у 83,5 % больных. Осложнений и летальных исходов не зафиксировано. В 73,3 % случаев после эндоскопической операции отмечался полный или почти полный регресс симптомов. В 26,7 % случаев симптомы гидроцефалии также регрессировали, но состояние продолжило ухудшаться за счет сохраняющегося вклинения миндалин и прогрессии симптоматики со стороны ствола мозга. этим пациентам была выполнена декомпрессия краниовертебрального перехода. Средние значения по шкалам Kiefer и Rankin в ходе послеоперационного наблюдения составили 2,4 ± 3,2 (0–9) и 0,9 ± 1,1 (0–4) баллов соответственно. Наблюдалась прямая зависимость между длительностью анамнеза заболевания и степенью восстановления функционального состояния пациентов (p &lt; 0,05). Наличие дистопии миндалин мозжечка в большое затылочное отверстие давало достоверно худшие результаты лечения (p &lt; 0,05). Улучшение функционального состояния пациентов было достоверно связано с уменьшением размеров желудочков мозга, увеличением просвета конвекситальных и базальных субарахноидальных пространств, нормализацией положения премамиллярной мембраны и репозицией миндалин мозжечка в полость черепа (p &lt; 0,05).</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Эндоскопическая тривентрикулостомия при идиопатической гидроцефалии из-за обструкции выходных отверстий IV желудочка имеет высокую эффективность и может быть использована в качестве операции выбора при первичном обращении пациента. Ликворошунтирующую операцию следует рассматривать, как альтернативную, при невозможности выполнения или неэффективности эндоскопической операции. микрохирургическая декомпрессия краниовертебрального перехода у таких пациентов показана при ухудшении состояния вследствие вклинения миндалин мозжечка в большое затылочное отверстие на фоне компенсации ликвородинамический нарушений.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Idiopathic hydrocephalus due to obstruction of the outlets of the IV ventricle is an extremely rare disease. Surgical treatment is represented by a variety methods: microsurgical, shunting and endoscopic, their combinations. microsurgical interventions are more damage, the development of endoscopic techniques make it quite justiﬁed to refuse microsurgery and difﬁcult endoscopic interventions in favor of endoscopic third ventriculostomy.</p><sec><title>POURPOSE OF THE STUDY</title><p>POURPOSE OF THE STUDY: to evaluate the effectiveness of endoscopic third ventriculostomy in idiopathic hydrocephalus due to obstruction of the IV ventricle outlets.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIAL AND METODS</title><p>MATERIAL AND METODS. From October 2011 to march 2021 at the Burdenko neurosurgical Institute 290 patients were operated. They met the criteria for adult idiopathic hydrocephalus: the onset of symptoms in adulthood and no indications for the etiology of hydrocephalus, as well as congenital hydrocephalus. In 18 (6,2 %) cases obstruction of the IV ventricles outlets was identify. The age of patients ranged from 26 to 74 years, averaged 47 ± 16.5 years, there were more women (61.1 %). The symptoms of the disease were headaches (77.8 %), gait disturbance (88.9 %), memory loss (72.2 %), dizziness (33 %), incoordination (27.8 %), dizziness (61.1 %), urine incontinence (27.8 %), faintings (16.6 %), hands tremor (11.1 %) The condition of patients before surgery was evaluated by the Kiefer and Rankin scales and amounted to 8,05 ± 4,34 (2–19) points and 2,6 ± 0,9 (1–5) points, respectively. Brain MRI of all patients was analyzed for different parts of cerebrospinal ﬂuid system and changes of the position of anatomical structures.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS. Enlargement of the lateral and III ventricles was noted in all cases, enlargement of the IV ventricle in 88.8 %. The severity of the condition of the patients signiﬁcantly depended on the sizes of the IV ventricle (p &lt; 0.05) and didn’t depend on the sizes of the lateral and III ventricles. Compression of convexital subarachnoid spaces was recorded in 27.7 % of patients, and subarachnoid spaces of the posterior cranial fossa — in 72.2 %. Individually, these parameters didn’t affect the severity of the condition of the patients, but their simultaneous exposure signiﬁcantly aggravated the symptoms (p &lt; 0.05). The tonsils herniation was noted in 38.8 % cases. Standard endoscopic third ventriculostomy was performed in 83.5 % of patients. There were no complications or deaths. In 73.3 % of cases, after endoscopic surgery, there was a full recovery or near full recovery. In 26.7 % cases, hydrocephalus symptoms were regressed, but the condition of the patients was continued worse due to persistent herniation of the tonsils and progression of brainstem symptoms. They underwent microsurgical decompression of the craniovertebral junction. The average meaning the Kiefer and Rankin scales in follow-up was 2.4 ± 3.2 (0–9) and 0.9 ± 1.1 (0–4) points, respectively. There was a direct relationship between the disease history and the recovery of the patients (p &lt; 0.05). Tonsils herniation gave signiﬁcantly worse treatment results (p &lt; 0.05). The improvement in the condition of patients was signiﬁcantly associated with a decrease ventricles sizes, an enlargement of the convexital and basal subarachnoid spaces, normalization of the position of the premamillary membrane, and reposition of the cerebellar tonsils into the cranial cavity (p &lt; 0.05).</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSIONS</title><p>CONCLUSIONS. Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in idiopathic hydrocephalus due to obstruction of the IV ventricle outlets is highly effective and can be used as the surgery of choice. Shunt surgery should be used as an alternative, if endoscopic surgery is impossible or ineffective. microsurgical decompression in such patients is indicated when the symptoms are getting worse due to the herniation of the cerebellar tonsils into the foramen magnum, although cerebrospinal ﬂuid disorders were eliminated.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гидроцефалия</kwd><kwd>идиопатическая гидроцефалия</kwd><kwd>обструктивная гидроцефалия</kwd><kwd>окклюзионная гидроцефалия</kwd><kwd>выходные отверстия IV желудочка</kwd><kwd>обструкция отверстия Мажанди</kwd><kwd>эндоскопическая тривентрикулостомия</kwd><kwd>вентрикулоперитонеальное шунтирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hydrocephalus</kwd><kwd>idiopathic hydrocephalus</kwd><kwd>obstructive hydrocephalus</kwd><kwd>occlusive hydrocephalus</kwd><kwd>outlets of the IV ventricle</kwd><kwd>obstruction of the foramen Majendie</kwd><kwd>endoscopic third ventriculostomy</kwd><kwd>ventriculoperitoneal shunting</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bai j, Yu Q, Sun X, Xiao H, Wang K, Sun F, Sui Q. 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