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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">polenovjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский нейрохирургический журнал имени профессора А. Л. Поленова</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Neurosurgical Journal named after Professor A. L. Polenov</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-2693</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Семинары, Конференции и Форумы</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.56618/2071-2693_2026_18_2_108</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">SKTFXX</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">polenovjournal-792</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ И КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ СЛУЧАИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS OF LITERATURE AND CLINICAL CASES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Потенциал применения спектроскопии импеданса в интраоперационной диагностике границ церебральных опухолей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The potential of impedance spectroscopy application in intraoperative diagnostics of cerebral tumor boundaries</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6608-935X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воинов</surname><given-names>Н. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voinov</surname><given-names>N. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никита Евгеньевич Воинов, врач-нейрохирург</p><p>Российский научно-исследовательский нейрохирургический институт им. проф. А. Л. Поленова (филиал)</p><p>197341; ул. Аккуратова, д. 2; Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikita E. Voinov, Neurosurgeon</p><p>191025; 12 Mayakovskogo street; St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">voinov_ne@almazovcentre.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8343-4917</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Улитин</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ulitin</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Юрьевич Улитин, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заслуженный врач Российской Федерации, врач-нейрохирург высшей квалификационной категории, главный внештатный специалист – нейрохирург Комитета здравоохранения Санкт-Петербурга, заведующий отделением, заведующий кафедрой, профессор кафедры</p><p>Нейрохирургическое отделение № 4; кафедра нейрохирургии; кафедра нейрохирургии им. проф. А. Л. Поленова</p><p>197341; ул. Аккуратова, д. 2; Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey Yu. Ulitin, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Full Professor, Honored Doctor of Russian Federation, Neurosurgeon of the Highest Qualification Category, Chief Freelance Neurosurgeon at the St. Petersburg Healthcare Committee, Head at the Department, Professor</p><p>Department of Neurosurgery No 4; Department of Neurosurgery; Department of Neurosurgery named after prof. A. L. Polenov</p><p>191025; 12 Mayakovskogo street; St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ulitin_ayu@almazovcentre.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9960-081X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Олюшин</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Olyushin</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виктор Емельянович Олюшин, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник</p><p>Российский научно-исследовательский нейрохирургический институт им. проф. А. Л. Поленова (филиал); Научно-исследовательская лаборатория нейроонкологии</p><p>197341; ул. Аккуратова, д. 2; Санкт-Петербург</p><p>Author ID: 118325</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor E. Olyushin, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Full Professor, Chief Researcher</p><p>Research Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology</p><p>191025; 12 Mayakovskogo street; St. Petersburg</p><p>Author ID: 118325</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olyushin_ve@almazovcentre.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6627-4723</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гончаров</surname><given-names>В. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Goncharov</surname><given-names>V. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вадим Дмитриевич Гончаров, доктор технических наук, профессор</p><p>кафедра теоретических основ электротехники</p><p>197022; ул. Профессора Попова, д. 5, лит. Ф; Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vadim D. Goncharov, Dr. of Sci. (Tech.), Professor</p><p>Department of Theoretical Foundations of Electrical Engineering</p><p>197022; 5 Professora Popova street; St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vdgoncharov@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3745-0932</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яшкардин</surname><given-names>Р. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yashkardin</surname><given-names>R. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ростислав Владимирович Яшкардин, кандидат технических наук, доцент</p><p>кафедра теоретических основ электротехники</p><p>197022; ул. Профессора Попова, д. 5, лит. Ф; Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rostislav V. Yashkardin, Cand. of Sci. (Tech.), Associate Professor</p><p>Department of Theoretical Foundations of Electrical Engineering</p><p>197022; 5 Professora Popova street; St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yashkardin.rv@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0876-0197</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Герасименко</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gerasimenko</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александра Евгеньевна Герасименко, аспирант, ассистент</p><p>кафедра биотехнических систем</p><p>197022; ул. Профессора Попова, д. 5, лит. Ф; Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandra E. Gerasimenko, Postgraduate Student, Assistant</p><p>Department of Biotechnical Systems</p><p>197022; 5 Professora Popova street; St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9898-5925</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нечаева</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nechaeva</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анастасия Сергеевна Нечаева, кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>Российский научно-исследовательский нейрохирургическийинститут им. проф. А. Л. Поленова (филиал); Научно-исследовательская лаборатория нейроонкологии</p><p>197341; ул. Аккуратова, д. 2; Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia S. Nechaeva, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Researcher</p><p>Research Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology</p><p>191025; 12 Mayakovskogo street; St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nechaeva_as@almazovcentre.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4212-2329</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Епанчинов</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Epanchinov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Андреевич Епанчинов, магистр</p><p>кафедра теоретических основ электротехники</p><p>197022; ул. Профессора Попова, д. 5, лит. Ф; Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry A. Epanchinov, Master</p><p>Department of Theoretical Foundations of Electrical Engineering</p><p>197022; 5 Professora Popova street; St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">epanchinov2003@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3572-743X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трофимов</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trofimov</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валерий Евгеньевич Трофимов, врач-нейрохирург</p><p>195257; ул. Вавилова, д. 14; Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valery E. Trofimov, Neurosurgeon</p><p>195257; 14 Vavilova street; St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1123-8271</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куканов</surname><given-names>К. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kukanov</surname><given-names>K. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Константин Константинович Куканов, кандидат медицинских наук, врач-нейрохирург высшей квалификационной категории, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>нейрохирургическое отделение № 4; Российский научно-исследовательский нейрохирургический институт им. проф. А. Л. Поленова (филиал); Научно-исследовательская лаборатория нейроонкологии</p><p>197341; ул. Аккуратова, д. 2; Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin K. Kukanov, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Neurosurgeon of the Highest Qualification Category, Leading Researcher</p><p>Neurosurgical Department No. 4; Research Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology</p><p>191025; 12 Mayakovskogo street; St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kukanov_kk@almazovcentre.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5295-4912</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самочерных</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samochernykh</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Константин Александрович Самочерных, доктор медицинских наук, профессор Российской академии наук, врач-нейрохирург высшей квалификационной категории, директор института</p><p>Отделение нейрохирургии для детей № 7; Российский научно-исследовательский нейрохирургический институт им. проф. А. Л. Поленова (филиал)</p><p>197341; ул. Аккуратова, д. 2; Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin A. Samochernykh, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Neurosurgeon of the Highest Category, Director at the Institute</p><p>Department of Neurosurgery for Children No. 7</p><p>191025; 12 Mayakovskogo street; St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">samochernykh_ka@almazovcentre.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В. А. Алмазова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Polenov Neurosurgery Institute – the branch of Almazov National Medical Research Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Санкт-Петербургский государственный электротехнический университет „ЛЭТИ“ им. В. И. Ульянова (Ленина)»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University “LETI” named after V. I. Ulyanov (Lenin)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургское государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения «Городская больница Святой преподобномученицы Елизаветы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Elizabeth City Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>108</fpage><lpage>118</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Воинов Н.Е., Улитин А.Ю., Олюшин В.Е., Гончаров В.Д., Яшкардин Р.В., Герасименко А.Е., Нечаева А.С., Епанчинов Д.А., Трофимов В.Е., Куканов К.К., Самочерных К.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Воинов Н.Е., Улитин А.Ю., Олюшин В.Е., Гончаров В.Д., Яшкардин Р.В., Герасименко А.Е., Нечаева А.С., Епанчинов Д.А., Трофимов В.Е., Куканов К.К., Самочерных К.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voinov N.E., Ulitin A.Y., Olyushin V.E., Goncharov V.D., Yashkardin R.V., Gerasimenko A.E., Nechaeva A.S., Epanchinov D.A., Trofimov V.E., Kukanov K.K., Samochernykh K.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://polenovjournal.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/792">https://polenovjournal.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/792</self-uri><abstract><p>   За последние сто лет было проведено множество исследований импеданса тканей головного мозга в поисках нового диагностического метода. Результаты исследований указывают на наличие качественных изменений в импедансе тканей головного мозга при новообразованиях головного мозга. При этом наибольший интерес представляют исследования, проводимые в широком диапазоне частот. Так, в ряде работ показано, что импеданс здоровых тканей в 1,5 раза отличается от импенданса опухолей. Однако при анализе данных исследований можно увидеть значительное расхождение получаемых значений импеданса однотипных биологических субстратов. Приведение результатов к единому виду сопряжено с необходимостью решения сложной задачи математической обработки данных, которое позволит получить удельные электрические характеристики исследуемых тканей. Для ее решения необходимо учитывать особенности и пути протекания переменного электрического тока через сложные неоднородные биологические структуры. Указанные методические сложности, а также значительный разброс опубликованных данных, полученных в различных условиях, обуславливают необходимость критического анализа эволюции методов импедансометрии церебральных тканей – от первых попыток начала XX в. до современных исследований – с целью определения перспектив метода для интраоперационного применения в нейроонкологии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   Over the past hundred years, numerous studies of brain tissue impedance have been conducted in an attempt to develop a new diagnostic method. The results of these studies indicate qualitative changes in the impedance of brain tissue in the presence of brain neoplasms. Of particular interest are studies performed over a wide frequency range. Several studies have shown that the impedance of healthy tissues differs by a factor of 1.5 from that of tumors. However, when analyzing the research data, significant discrepancies can be observed in the impedance values obtained for the same type of biological substrates. Standardizing the results requires solving the complex problem of mathematical data processing to obtain the specific electrical characteristics of the tissues under study. Solving this problem necessitates taking into account the features and pathways of alternating electric current flow through complex, heterogeneous biological structures. These methodological difficulties, along with the significant variability of published data obtained under different conditions, necessitate a critical analysis of the evolution of cerebral tissue impedance measurement methods – from the first attempts in the early 20th century to modern research – in order to determine the prospects of this method for intraoperative use in neuro-oncology.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>опухоль мозга</kwd><kwd>импеданс</kwd><kwd>интраоперационная диагностика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>brain tumor</kwd><kwd>impedance</kwd><kwd>intraoperative diagnostics</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено в рамках гранта Фонда содействию инновациям № 5550ГС1/112075 от 23. 12. 2025</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported by grant from the Innovation Promotion Fund No. 5550GS1/112075 dated 23 December 2025</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гончаров В. 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