Mathematical analysis of factors for the effectiveness of NPWT in the treatment of inflammatory diseases of the spine

INTRODUCTION. The negative pressure therapy method for draining wounds in infectious and inflammatory diseases of the spine is an effective way to treat patients with infectious and inflammatory diseases of the spine. Available statistical data on the effectiveness of the method make it possible to create a mathematical function that predicts the effectiveness of therapy.

AIM. To evaluate the effectiveness of negative pressure therapy for wound drainage in infectious and inflammatory diseases of the spine in comparison with other drainage methods.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. 108 patients were included in the study. Drainage of purulent foci using the NPWT system was carried out in 30 patients who were treated in a hospital from 2016 to 2018 inclusive. The average age of the patients was 57.8 years. Supply-lavage drainage and active aspiration drainage using a Redon-type system were performed in 78 patients. The average age of patients in this group was 54.9 years. The disease was diagnosed on the basis of clinical and laboratory data and the results of radiological diagnostics (CT, MRI). The effectiveness criteria were: the duration of inpatient treatment, the wound healing time, the number of repeated surgical treatments (NPWT dressing change).

RESULTS. Good results were obtained in 100 patients: the duration of wound drainage in the study group was 4.3±1.8 days from the onset of NPWT, in the control group – 12.4±4.6 days (p<0.05). The average hospitalization period for patients in the study group was 46.6±26.3 days, in the control group – 33.8±10.8 days. In all patients, against the background of antibiotic therapy, the indicators of the systemic inflammatory response returned to normal within 6–8 weeks.

CONCLUSIONS. NPWT is an effective method of drainage of purulent foci in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the spine and is not inferior in efficiency to other methods of drainage. At the same time, it allows the patient to remain mobile during the entire drainage period and facilitates patient care. Application of the NPWT method for drainage of purulent foci in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the spine can shorten the drainage time.

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