Multiple primary cerebral tumors of various histological types. Epidemiology, structure, genetic background

Relevance. Primary-multiple cerebral tumors of various histological types represent a poorly studied group of diseases. The development of multiple pathological formations in a single patient becomes a clinical problem since such situations are not regulated by recommendations, and the doctor has to make a decision based solely on their own experience and common sense. The situation where several independent neoplasms develop in the patient’s body generates scientific interest and leads to the idea of genetic determinism of processes, as well as a number of typical epigenetic abnormalities that lead to their occurrence. The article examines possible causes that lead to the simultaneous development of meningiomas, schwannomas of cranial nerves, astrocytic tumors, pituitary adenomas, and other rarer cerebral tumors, including the phenomenon of «tumor collision.» Conclusions. Apparently, primary-multiple cerebral tumors of various histological types constitute a nosological cluster that includes conditions caused by different pathogenetic processes. In some cases, neoplasms are associated with clear genetic determinism of carcinogenesis processes. Many of them are linked to hereditary tumor syndromes (neurofibromatosis types 1 and 2, schwannomatosis; tuberous sclerosis; Noonan, LEOPARD, Costello, Legius, Turcot, Li-Fraumeni, DICER1, von Hippel-Lindau syndromes, and many others). In other cases, mechanisms of paracrine nature are observed. Thirdly, some cases appear to be random combinations of sporadically occurring tumors. 

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