Mild traumatic brain injury in modern combat conditions

Abstract

INTRODUCTION. The structure of clinical forms of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is universally dominated by mild TBI (80–90 %). Light TBI in modern warfare is an urgent task.
AIM. Analysis of the mechanisms of exposure, clinic and outcomes of mild traumatic brain injury in the context of military operations of the SVO.
MATERIALS AND METHODS. 541 male soldiers aged 19 to 60 who were exposed to an explosive shock wave were investigated. The traumatic factors were analyzed by the mechanism of influence on the victim. All victims were examined by a neurologist.
RESULTS. According to the results of neurological examination and observation in the PMG, tactical measures were carried out: 310 (57.3 %) servicemen were returned to their units for further service due to the absence of manifestations of traumatic brain injury; 85 (15.7 %) of the victims were evacuated for examination and rehabilitation with a diagnosis: Mine-explosive injury. Closed TBI. Concussion; 146 (27.0 %) military personnel were treated in PMG for 5 days with a diagnosis of asthenicneurotic (asthenic-autonomic) syndrome. 15 (10.3%) patients were subsequently required to evacuate from this group.
CONCLUSION. In modern warfare conditions, a common damaging factor is mine-explosive injury. In this regard, diagnostics, medical and tactical measures for mild TBI become an urgent issue. These issues are resolved when examining the victims by a neurologist with the involvement of related specialists, if necessary, as well as when observing the victims while they are in the PMG.