Effects of chronic psychosocial stress on the condition of cerebral blood flow
Abstract
AIMS. To analyze the influence of chronic psychosocial stress (CPSS) factors on the cerebral blood flow (CBF) characteristics.
MATERIALS AND METHODS. 160 locomotive machinists (LM) and machinist assistants (MA), whose profession is estimated as one of the most stressful, were enrolled in this study. 100 practically healthy volunteers were included in the control group. The activity of the stressor system was assessed by the plasma levels of stress hormones (ACTH, cortisol, adrenaline). The function of the endothelium was studied by determining the production of vasoregulators, such as nitric oxide and endothelin-1. Using ultrasound Doppler sonography, we measured the thickness of the intima-media complex of the common carotid artery, and evaluated the results of endothelium-dependent vasodilation. The blood pressure dynamics was studied using the Holter monitoring.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. The effects of the CPSS factors lead to a prolonged increase in stress hormones levels in the blood and cause the vasoconstriction. On the background of the arisen vasoconstriction, the processes of endothelial dysfunction (ED) are triggered with impaired formation of nitric oxide and increased secretion of endothelin 1, that also leads to arterial hypertension. With the progression of these processes, there is a decrease in CBF. The observed increase in the size of the intima-media complex of the common carotid artery correlates with the severity of arterial hypertension and ED. The results of endothelium-dependent vasodilation test revealed abnormalities in the activity of the vascular endothelium in LM and MA groups.
CONCLUSIONS. The effects of CPSS factors lead to a decrease in CBF. The cause of such phenomenon is the development of ED and arterial hypertension, which are formed due to high levels of stress hormones circulating in the blood. These processes lead to functional failure of the vascular endothelium.
About the Author
I. S. Lutskyi
State educational organization of higher professional education «Donetsk National Medical University named after M. Gorky»
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Donetsk
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Lutskyi I.S. Effects of chronic psychosocial stress on the condition of cerebral blood flow. Russian Neurosurgical Journal named after Professor A. L. Polenov. 2019;11(1):42-47. (In Russ.)
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